Some would argue that spring is the most wonderful time of the year in Washington. Throughout our state, fruit trees blossom, vibrant tulip fields bloom and colorful lentils carpeted the fields on the Palouse. It is when photographers and sightseers have a field day.
While spring is eye-catching, it is the late summer and fall when our state reaps the benefits of the harvest. It is when crops yield “green” generating cash in markets around the world.
While Washington ranks 14th in agriculture revenue nationwide, our state is a leader in apples, cherries, wine, dairy products, beef cattle and calves, wheat and potatoes.
Agriculture adds $51 billion a year to our state’s GDP. It makes up more than 13 percent of our economy accounting for 160,000 Washington jobs.
Nine out of 10 farms are family owned and have less than 180 acres.
Our state is blessed with rich soil, abundant water, low-cost hydropower, a favorable climate, efficient transportation and hard-working people. Washington has more than 300 varieties of crops and is second only to California in crop diversity.
However, a key difference is Washington has an abundance of water for agriculture unlike California and Arizona, which are forced to curtail irrigation.
Our farmers support more than 200 food processors. In 2019, food processing added $22 billion to our state’s economy. If you are ordering French fries in any fast-food restaurant around the world, they are likely processed in Washington.
When the beautiful apple and cherry blossoms turn into fruit, Washington leads the nation in production. Our state grows two-thirds of the country’s apples, which are the most consumed fruit in America. Our state has long been the top apple exporter, which in 2021 generated $643 million from foreign buyers.
Interestingly, the Washington Policy Center (WPC) stated that if the number of apples picked in Washington each year were placed side-by-side, they would circle the earth 29 times.
In recent years, cherry production has surged. In 2022, the Pacific Northwest produced 73 percent of the fresh U.S. sweet cherry crop by volume. Of the 13.3 million boxes (20 pounds each) picked, three-quarters were trucked to Canada or flown to Asia.
Surprisingly, while Idaho is famous for its potatoes, Washington has a larger potato crop. Between the two states, they account for 44 percent of the nation’s production.
Another fast growth sector is wine production. The number of wineries has tripled over the last decade. At last report, Washington had 860 wineries, which produced nearly 15 million cases of fine wine.
Integral to our region’s agriculture and seaports is our Columbia-Snake River barge system. It is a super water highway for moving wheat and other agricultural products from farm to market.
Nearly 10 percent of all U.S. wheat is exported through the Columbia Snake River System. Eleven states’ grain growers barge grain down the Snake and Columbia rivers — more than 14 million metric tons of wheat in 2017.
There have been renewed efforts to breach the four lower Snake River dams which, if successful, would destroy the system.
WPC produced reports pointing out in recent legislative sessions, bills to increase taxes and regulations would hurt farmers and those who depend on agriculture.
Greenhouse gas emissions regulations and proposals to eliminate natural gas would hit fertilizer makers and food processing facilities.
As pleasing to our eyes as spring blossoms are, without a strong agricultural economy where farmers, food processors and workers can prosper, agriculture disappears.
Washington and our Pacific Northwest neighbors can build on our agriculture and food processing base only if our elected officials and government regulators have reasonable (workable) regulations, taxes and fees.
Agriculture is the backbone of America — something to remember all year.
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Don C. Brunell is a business analyst, writer and columnist.
